Snow, sleet and ice are often in the weather forecast during the wintertime, and they can create potentially dangerous conditions. Patient First has posted winter safety tips.

A necessary chore after a snowfall, shoveling snow can pose a health risk for many people. Snow shoveling is a strenuous activity, potentially increasing blood pressure and heart rate. Individuals with a history of heart disease, high blood pressure or strokes should not shovel snow.

If people must shovel snow, they should shovel as early as possible. Snow is heavier after it has been on the ground for a while. It often melts and re-freezes, creating a solid chunk of snow rather than powdery, just-fallen snow.

People should make sure they are properly hydrated, and they should prepare their body for shoveling by warming up. They may jog in place or do 10 jumping jacks before they begin to shovel, as this will get their blood flowing. Also, people should take their time and move slowly when shoveling snow. Shoveling too fast can increase one's blood pressure and put him or her at greater risk for spraining or pulling a muscle.

Area residents are also advised to take care when walking outdoors in the winter. Icy patches can be difficult to see, and the slips and falls caused by ice can be serious. If people come across an area that they believe may be icy, they should tap the edge of the area with their foot to be sure. Patient First recommends wearing shoes with gripping soles to provide traction. Also, people should keep their hands out of their pockets when walking in order to keep their balance on a slippery surface. They should not carry heavy items like shopping bags when walking on slippery surfaces, as these items can change people's center of balance, making them more likely to slip and fall.

When getting out of a vehicle, a person should check to make sure there are no icy spots near the vehicle. If parked on a slick spot, one should move the vehicle to a different area if possible. When entering and exiting a car while on ice, one should use the vehicle for balance and support.

Frostbite is another concern in winter weather. This condition occurs when skin and its underlying tissue are exposed to very cold temperatures and freezing conditions. Skin that appears waxy or hard and has a gray tone may have frostbite. The damaged skin may also itch or burn and may turn red in color as the affected area thaws.

The first step to treating frostbite is to get out of the cold. People who may have frostbite should get inside to a warm place as soon as possible and, once inside, remove any wet clothing. If they cannot get out of the cold, they should place their hands under their arms to warm them. Also, they should cover areas that can be most affected by frostbite - the nose and ears - with a scarf and try not to walk if their feet may have frostbite, as this will make the condition worse.

Frostbite is generally treated by gradually warming the skin. People should seek the treatment of a medical professional as soon as possible if they think they may have frostbite.